Murray Time Line 

  The twelfth century The Murrays trace their heritage back to the twelfth century and take their name from the great province of Moray, once a local kingdom.
Freskine (or Friskin) 1122-1153 The great family of Murray or Moray (occasionally in old deeds Murref) is supposed to have descended from Freskine (or Friskin), a Fleming, who settled in Scotland in the reign of David I (1122-1153), and acquired from that monarch the lands of Strathbroch in Linlithgowshire, and of Duffis in Moray. Duffis Castle was built in the style of motte and bailey in 1140 by Freskin.
Gilbert de Moray, Bishop of Caithness. 1230's Castle Kildrummy. Built for Alexander II on the site of earlier dwellings, this castle is thought to have been started in the 1230s. It is Scotland's most complete 13th-century castle. 
  1235 The senior line of the Murrays took the surname of Sutherland and became Earls of Sutherland.
 Walter of Moray 1242 Bothwell Castle is located southeast of Glasgow. It was built in 1242 by Walter of Moray. The River Clyde runs along the north side of the castle. The castle was never finished, it is supposed that the money just ran out
  1253 The chiefs of the Murrays were the Lords of Petty in Moray who also became Lords of Bothwell in Clydesdale by 1253.
Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell. 1297 Along with Sir William Wallace, defeated the English at Stirling Bridge ( near Stirling Castle )but died from wounds he received in the battle shortly after.
Sir Andrew, 4th Lord of Bothwell. 1333 His son, Sir Andrew Murray, third Regent of Scotland married Christian Bruce, a sister of King Robert the Bruce and became Regent of Scotland upon the death of Robert the Bruce who was killed in battle at Halidon Hill. He was captured at Roxburgh early in 1333 and was a prisoner in England at the time of the battle of Halidon Hill. He obtained his freedom in time to march to the relief of his wife, who was bravely defending Kildrummy Castle.
Sir Andrew, 4th Lord of Bothwell. 1338 Sir Andrew commenced with unabated spirit to struggle in the cause of independence and died in 1338.
The last Murray Lord of Bothwell. 1360 The last Murray Lord of Bothwell died in 1360 of the plague.
Sir William Murray of Tullibardine. 1446 The 7th in possession, Sir William Murray of Tullibardine, succeeded to the estates of his family in 1446. He was sheriff of Perthshire.
Sir William Murray of Tullibardine. 1458 In 1458 he was one of the lords named for the administration of justice, who were of the king's daily council. He married Margaret, daughter of Sir John Colquhoun of Luss, great chamberlain of Scotland, by whom he had numerous issue. According to tradition, they had seventeen sons, from whom a great many families of the name of Murray are descended. In a curious document entitled "The Declaration of George Halley, in Ochterarder, concerning the Laird of Tullibardine's seventeen sons - 1710", it is stated that they "lived all to be men, and that they waited all one day upon their father at Stirling, to attend the king, with each of them one servant, and their father two.
Sir Andrew Murray. The late fifteenth century Balvaird Castle was built in the late fifteenth century by Sir Andrew Murray.
The Murrays of Tullibardine. By the sixteenth century By the sixteenth century, the Murrays of Tullibardine in Strathearn  had assumed the leadership of the Murrays.
Sir William Murray. 1565. Sir William Murray of Tullibardine, was a zealous promoter of the Reformation in Scotland. George Halley, in the curious document already quoted, says that "Sir William Murray of Tullibardine having broke Argyll's face with the hilt of his sword, in King James the Sixth's presence, was obliged to leave the kingdom. Afterwards, the king's mails and slaughter cows were not paid, neither could any subject to the realm be able to compel those who were bound to pay them; upon which the king cried out - 'O, If I had Will Murray again, he would soon get my mails and slaughter cows'; to which one standing by replied - 'That if his Majesty would not take Sir William Murray's life, he might return shortly'. The king answered, 'He would be loath to take his life, for he had not another subject like him!'. Upon which promise Sir William Murray returned and got a commission for the king to go to the north, and lift up the mails and the cows, which he speedily did, to the great satisfaction of the king, so that immediately after he was made lord comptroller". This office be obtained in 1565.
Sir John Murray. 1586 and 1589 The leadership of the Murrays of Tullibardine was formally confirmed by Bands of Association in 1586 and 1589. Lairds from all over Scotland recognized the supremacy of the line of Sir John Murray.
Sir John Murray, the twelfth feudal baron of Tullibardine. 1592  Sir John Murray, the twelfth feudal baron of Tullibardine, was brought up with King James, who in 1592 constituted him his master of the household. 
  1595 The fifth Earl of Athole of the Stewart family, dies with out making issue. Borothea Stewart, his eldest daughter and heir would later marry Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine.
Sir John Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine. 1606 Became 1st Earl of Tullibardine on 10th July1606. Thus, the Tullibardine hegemony was firmly established among the Murray's; and the late George Iain Murray, 10th Duke of Atholl was also Marquis of Tullibardine as recognized in Lyon Register as Chief of the Murray's. His lordship married Catherine, fourth daughter of David, second Lord Drummond.
Sir John Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine. 1609 Died in 1609.
Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine. 1609 Becomes 2nd Earl of Tullibardine upon his fathers death.
Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine. 1625 Petitioned King Charles the First for the earldom of Athole. (He had married Lady Borothea Stewart, eldest daughter and heir of line of the fifth Earl of Athole of the Stewart family, who died in 1595 without make issue.)
Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine. 1629 and 1676 The 2nd Earl of Tullibardine married Lady Dorothea Stewart, heiress of the Earls of Atholl in 1629 and Marquises from 1676. To their medieval peacock's head crest (motto-Praite), they added the mermaid (motto-Tout Pret), as Lords of Balquidder; and in the seventeenth century, they took the demi-savage holding a sword and a key commemorating the capture of the last Lord of the Isles by the 1st Stewart Earl of Atholl in 1475: hence the motto Furth, Fortune, and Fill the Fetters. (Go forth against your enemies, have good fortune, and return with hostages and booty).
Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine. 1626 The earl accordingly surrendered the title of Earl of Tullibardine into the king's hands, 1st April 1626, to be conferred on his brother Sir Patrick Murray as a separate dignity.
Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine. 1626 Died before being made Earl of Atholl. 
John Murray, 1st Murray Earl of Atholl. 1629 John Murray, eldest son of Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine, obtained the title of Earl of Athole in February 1629, and thus became the first Earl of the Murray branch.
Sir Patrick Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine. 1629 The brother of Sir William Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine and the uncle of John Murray, 1st Murray Earl of Atholl, becomes the 3rd Earl of Tullibardine.
John Murray, 1st Murray Earl of Atholl. 1641 This Earl of Athole was a zealous royalist, and joined the association formed by the Earl of Montrose for the king at Cumbernauld, in January 1641.
John Murray, 1st Murray Earl of Atholl. 1642 He died in June 1642
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1642 Became the 2nd Murray Earl of Athole on his Fathers death.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1654 John Murray, second Earl of Athole of the Murray family, also faithfully adhered to Charles the First, and was excepted by Cromwell out of his act of grace and indemnity, 12th April 1654, when he was only about nineteen years of age. 
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole.   At the Restoration, he was sworn a privy counciller, obtained a charter of the hereditary office of sheriff of Fife.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1663 In 1663 was appointed justice-general of Scotland.
James Murray, 4th Earl of Tullibardine 1670 Died.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1670 In 1670 he succeeded to the earldom of Tullibardine on the death of James, fourth earl of the new creation, and was created Marquis of Athole in 1676.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1670 In 1670 he was constituted captain of the king's guards.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1676 Was created Marquis of Athole in 1676.
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1672 In 1672 keeper of the privy seal.
Lord John Murray. 1693 Lord Murray, son of  John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole, was one of the commissioners for inquiring into the massacre of Glencoe in 1693.
Lord John Murray. 1696 He was created a peer in his father's lifetime, by the title of Earl of Tullibardine, Viscount of Glenalmond, and Lord Murray, for life, by patent dated 27th July 1696.
Lord John Murray. 1703 In April 1703 he was appointed lord privy seal. 
John Murray, 2nd Murray Earl of Athole. 1703 Died.
John Murray, 1st Duke of Athole. 1703 On the 30th July of that year, immediately after his father's death, he was created Duke of Athole by Queen Anne, and invested with the order of the Thistle.
John Murray, Marquis of Tullibardine. 1709 Eldest son of John Murray, 1st Duke of Athole, was killed at the battle of Malplaquet in 1709.
William Murray, Marquis of Tullibardine. 1709 Second son of John Murray, 1st Duke of Athole, William, who succeeded his brother John, was the Marquis of Tullibardine who acted the prominent part in both the Scottish rebellions of last century.
John Murray, 1st Duke of Athole. 1724 His grace died 14th November 1724.
James Murray, 2nd Duke of Athole. 1724 James, the second Duke of Athole, was the third son of the first duke. He succeeded to the dukedom on the death of his father in November 1724, in the lifetime of his elder brother William, attainted by parliament. 
The Murray dukes. Eighteenth century For a time in the eighteenth century, the Murray dukes were also Sovereign Lords of the Isle of Man, with their own coinage and parliament, The House of Keys.
William Murray, Marquis of Tullibardine. 1745 In 1745 he accompanied Prince Charles Edward to Scotland, and landed with him at Borodale 25th July.
Lord George Murray. 1745 The 1st Duke's younger son Lord George Murray, was the brilliant Jacobite general of Prince Charles responsible for the highlander's astonishing successes throughout the greater part of the 1745 uprising.
William Murray, Marquis of Tullibardine. 1746 After the battle of Culloden he fled to the westward, intending to embark for the Isle of Mull, but being unable, from the bad state of his health, to bear the fatigue of travelling under concealment, he surrendered, on the 27th April 1746, to Mr Buchannan of Drummakill, a Stirlingshire gentleman. Being conveyed to London he was committed to the Tower, where he died on the 9th July following.
John Murray of Broughton.   Was secretary to Prince Charles and is said to have buried a great sum of money near Loch Arkaig after Culloden before being captured and taken to London.
George Iain Murray. 1995 The 10th Duke of Atholl and Chief of Clan Murray, George Iain Murray passed away due to complications from a stroke he suffered in December of 1995. Blair Castle, the clan seat, holds the only private army in the United Kingdom, the Atholl Highlanders.
John Murray.   The new Duke of Atholl is John Murray of South Africa. The chiefship of the Murrays has not yet been officially announced.